Hypersonic Notes

• inviscid - laminar, low turbulence, low Reynolds number

• Modern compressible flow : with historical perspective John David Anderson, Jr 1982 PSU QA911 .A6

Hypersonic and High Temperature Gas Dynamics

John David Anderson Jr 2000 AIAA page numbers in book, pdf+6

• p05 Apollo reentry Mach 36
• p13 M36 15 degree cone, 3 degree shock layer

  • calorically perfect gas, γ = c_p/c_v = 1.4 ratio of specific heats

• p15 boundary layer thickness \delta ~ \propto ~ {M_∞}^2 / \sqrt{ R_{e_x} } where R_{e_x} is the local Reynolds number

• p16 Reynolds number ... per foot?
• p17 Apollo reentry Mach 36, 52 km altitude, 11000 Kelvin (40x denser than 80 km, 1200x denser than 100 km)
• p18 chemically reacting gas is colder
• p19 O₂ dissociates at 2000K to 4000K, N₂ 4000K to 9000K, above that ions

• p19 convective heating q_c, radiative heating q_r 30% for Apollo

• p20 100 km, low density flow, "velocity slip" and "temperature slip" at surface
• p20 higher still, not continuum, use kinetic theory. At 150 km, free molecular regime

• p21 Knudsen number, Kn = \lambda/L where \lambda = mean free path, L = characteristic length

  • Kn 0.001? to 0.3 Navier-Stokes

• p23 p surface pressure, \tau shear stress (viscous flow phenomena)

• p26 heat conduction q_w ~ = -k_w \left( { { \partial T } \over { \partial y } } \right)_w ... more in Part 2

• p26 radiation 30% Apollo, shock layer 11,000K ... more Chapter 18
• p795 references